Managerial Entrenchment, R&D Investment and Internal Control
With A-share listed companies from2010 to 2014 as the research subjects, this article studies the relationship between managerial entrenchment and R&D investment under the transition economic environment and the role of internal control. The article finds that managerial entrenchment hinders the R&D investment, while high-quality internal control can help to alleviate such hindrance. Our study shows that the personal factors related to the management exert a significant influence on corporate investment, but such influence is not only subject to R&D investment which matters to the long-term development, but also subject to the ability of internal control to mitigate the agency problems.
A Study on Audit Quality from Perspectives of Market Perception and Implicit Quality
With the audit quality results of listed SOEs from 2008 to 2015 as the samples, this paper studies audit quality from two perspectives: market perception and implicit quality. Our study shows that announcement of audit findings will bring negative market reactions, namely, the higher the market perception of the announcement of audit findings is, the stronger the earnings response coefficient of listed companies is; after the listed companies disclose the announcements of audit findings, the accounting conservatism becomes significantly enhanced, while the real earnings management activities are hindered. After a multi-perspective analysis of audit quality, it is found that the announcements of audit findings which target at revealing problems is different from the private sector audit reports which mainly issue audit opinions of “yes” or “no”, so the former kind of reports can guide the listed companies to improve internal controls and inspire accounting firms to improve audit methods.
A Preliminary Study of Accounting for ESOPs
At present, there have been no specific standards on the accounting for Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), so the accounting methods vary in practice. In this area, standards need to be developed urgently according to the characteristics of ESOPs. This article, based on the main contents of ESOPs, analyzes their implementation by the end of 2015 and explores the reasoning behind the judgments on accounting treatment of ESOPs. Finally, by using case studies, it further analyzes various situations and their applicable standards, including stock-based payment standards, employee compensation standards and standards for contingencies.